Abolitionism essays

Abolitionism essays During the nineteenth century the United States of America was experiencing a period of transition. There were many attempts at reform to rebuild the nation and the issue of slavery was a major factor. Massachusetts born abolitionist, William Lloyd Garrison, played a huge part in trying to abolish slavery. There were also a quite a few black abolitionists in the North that played a role in the movement. Their philosophy, along with Garrisons, helped a lot in the movement to rid the country of slavery. William Lloyd Garrisons philosophy simply said, opponents of slavery should view the institution from the viewpoint of the black man, not the white slave owner. They should not, as earlier reformers had done, talk about the evil influence of slavery on white society; they should talk about the damage the system caused to blacks. And they should, therefore, reject gradualism and demand the immediate, unconditional, universal abolition of slavery. Another thing that bothered him was the mention of colonization. He believed that those who agreed with it were not emancipationists, but they were trying to strengthen slavery by ridding the country of blacks that were already free. He believed the only true way to get rid of slavery was to gives all blacks the rights of American citizenship. Garrison transformed abolitionism into a new phenomenon because earlier efforts rapidly lost strength and opposers of slavery had hit a dead end. There were a number of free blacks in the North who were victims of prejudice and mob violence in the cities. With all of the problems they faced, they kept in mind that they were still free. They used their freedom to aid others of the same race in the South who werent free. Many Northern blacks, in the 1830s, came to support Garrison. A free black man from Boston named David Walker, published an important pamphlet in 1892 called Walkers Appeal. The greatest orator ...

10 Facts for a Research Paper on the History of the Middle East

10 Facts for a Research Paper on the History of the Middle East Welcome to our first guide that will help you write a research paper on the history of the Middle East. We have written three helpful guides, each serving a different purpose.   Studying these three guides would help you understand history and compose a competent research paper on the Middle Eastern history so that you can score good marks. This guide is segmented into three parts. Our first guide, 10 Facts for a Research Paper on the History of the Middle East, draws a clearer picture of the past events and incidents that took place in the Middle East. References are also mentioned at the bottom of this guide so that you can verify these facts or collect more information. Our second guide, 20 history of the Middle East research paper topics, helps you in determining a relevant topic for the research. All the topics mentioned in the guide are known to have played an important role in the making of Middle Easts history. We have also written a short sample essay for you to understand and grasp the techniques which are necessary to write a good research paper. Our third and final guide, How to Write a Good Research Paper on a History of the Middle East, explains the methodologies and procedures that will help you write a proper research paper. It also contains some helpful tips and steps that you should follow. A good research paper is the one that is resourceful and has a lot of facts and research data to support the statements that you make. A research paper has to be research oriented and allow readers to find something new about a particular topic. We have selected all our facts keeping this in mind, and they are easily expandable allowing you to come up with some unique essays that will help you impress your professor. Without wasting any more time, let us begin our first guide: In the beginning, â€Å"Middle East† was confined to Iran only, but Sir Valentine’s work in the book â€Å"The Middle Eastern Question† extended its territory. He expanded on the definition of Middle East and suggested to include other Asian regions as well, particularly regions that bordered with India. As a result, other countries including Iraq, Persia, Afghanistan and the Eastern Coast of Arabia along with Tibet also became a part of Middle East. Alfred Thayer Mahan coined the term ‘Middle East’ in 1902 for the first time. The term was published in an article called The Persian Gulf and International Relations. However, the name didn’t catch up until Sir Valentine Ignatius used it in his writing. Before it, the region was also known as the Near East, which many believe is also the source of the region’s current name. Unlike North America or Europe, Middle East didn’t have a rich environment. Water was scarce, and there was a lack of natural resources as well. However, it was in 1908 that a British company found oil in the region, which is now a part of Iran and was back then known as Persia. This first exploration gave rise to many other explorations, and the region quickly turned out to be a mine of natural resources, mainly oil. A significant number of religions took birth in the Middle East, with Islam being the most known and powerful one. Islam began to spread from the Middle East and is now one of the most followed religions in the world. Other than this, some small religions like Judaism, Christianity, Bahà ­ Faith, Yarsanism, Yazidism, Zoroastrianism, Mandaeism, Druze, and Shabakism are also believed to have originated from the Middle East. Christianity played a vital role in the first century in the Middle East. The largest Christian group in the Middle East is the Arabic-speaking Copts. It ranges approximately from 6 to 11 million people. Lebanon is known to contain the highest ratio of Christians till date, ranging from 39% to 40.5% of the total population. The region has seen several wars, especially wars in the 16th century between Safavids and Ottomans. This was when the Ottoman empire was getting weak, and they were driven out of Hungary, and the British were in control of a part of the Middle Eastern region. Some parts of Middle East were also under the control of French and Italians, and it wasn’t until the 1920s that an independence wave started. During the era of Achaemenid tradition, a spiritual prophet of Ancient Iran invited people to transform into the religion he inherited, Zoroastrianism. He educated the people of Middle East about the presence of an incomparable divinity, Ahura Mazda. Mazda was promoted as the light, and his opponent was Ahriman, the darkness. People were educated about the same and allowed to pick sides. Palestine, one of the most sacred places for Muslims in the Middle East, has been at war for the most part of the history. This Muslim majority region was ruled by Jews until a revolution started in the 1920s, which resulted in several wars throughout the area. World War II changed the shape of the Middle East. On one side countries like Turkey and Saudi Arabia remained unaffected, and in other new countries came into being or got independence. These include Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan Cyprus, Egypt and Israel. History has shaped the region well, which is now rich in minerals, especially oil. The US is said to have good control over oil found in the Middle East, which is also considered a war-torn area with instability in Syria, Lebanon, Palestine and Iraq. These were the 10 facts that we penned down for you from strong, reliable sources with references mentioned below. You can use the references to do some more research on these topics to create a compelling essay. Make sure to read our other guides as well before you get down to writing an article, as it is important to know the ins and outs of essay or research paper writing if you really wish to impress your teachers. References: Sahar el-Nadi (2012) Middle East of What? The European Magazine  theeuropean-magazine.com/sahar-el-nadi2/6181-the-long-history-of-a-label Gerard Russell (2014), Heirs to Forgotten Kingdoms: Journeys Into the Disappearing Religions of the Middle East.  https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=i6L1AwAAQBAJprintsec=frontcoverdq=Heirs+to+Forgotten+Kingdoms:+Journeys+Into+the+Disappearing+Religions+of+the+Middle+East+pdfhl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwjE_-mSzIzSAhWCBBoKHSRSADIQ6AEIHzAB#v=onepageqf=false Karl E. Meyer, Editorial Notebook; How the Middle East Was Invented By Ny times. Arthur Goldschmidt, Jr (1979), A Concise History of the Middle East.  http://islamicblessings.com/upload/A-Concise-History-of-the-Middle-East-9th-Edition.pdf Anthony Ham (2006), Lonely Planet Publications, The Middle East.  http://media.lonelyplanet.com/shop/pdfs/middle-east-8-contents.pdf.pdf Robert Irwin (2010), Reaktion Books, Camel. Countries Hosting The Largest Numbers Of Refugees In The World (2015), worldatlas.com/articles/countries-hosting-the-largest-number-of-refugees-in-the-world.html

Why Do Firms Voluntarily Disclosure Information Essay

Why Do Firms Voluntarily Disclosure Information - Essay Example Economic theories propose that it is better for firms to provide additional information to investors and financial analysts, because the voluntary disclosure assists investors and shareholders to analyse the firm and thereby to estimate future rate of returns on their investment. This paper will discuss why modern firms voluntarily disclose their information. Voluntary disclosure of information While analysing modern corporate culture, it seems that organisations voluntarily disclose more information in their annual reports than what is actually required to comply with the basic financial and accounting regulations. Firms voluntarily disclose three types of information such as strategic, non-financial, and financial information. As per the logical conclusions made by Kim, better informed shareholders were satisfied with less disclosure whereas uninformed shareholders preferred more disclosure (as cited in Cataldo, 2003, p.68). Thus, Kim linked voluntarily disclosure of information wi th shareholder interests. According to Williams (2008), nowadays firms engage in operations that are not captured by accounting process but have an impact on the firm’s profitability; therefore, such activities of firms have considerable significance in the sense that they may cause changes to investment decisions. Hence, firms make voluntary disclosures so as to overcome these troubles. It is relevant to use normative and positive accounting theories to explain the reasons for firms’ voluntary disclosure of information. The normative accounting theory justifies the feasibility of an accounting treatment whereas the positive accounting theory scientifically shows the truth of an accounting phenomenon. More simply, the former approach illustrates accounting taxonomies as an art while the latter represents accounting as a science of economy. The normative theories deal with intangibles and corporate, social, and environmental reporting while the positive theories represe nt social and environmental disclosures. Normative theories The normative approaches reflect the direct economic benefits of information disclosures. Economists identify that the major portion of the real value of a company is based on intangibles assets including goodwill and brand loyalty; a firm’s value of intangible assets is represented by the difference between market value and book value of the firm (Lecture 4, slide 7). In addition, the real value of a firm also embraces the intellectual capital of the firm including patents, computer programs, customer relationship, and trademarks (Lecture 4, slide 11). Traditional accounting systems do not provide investors with adequate information about intangible assets and intellectual capital. Hence, investors find difficulty in estimating the real value of the company. This is one of the main reasons why firms voluntarily disclose their information. Since modern societies give great emphasis on environment safety and public we lfare, organisations cannot vie with the market competition unless they maintain effective corporate responsibility policies. As Deegan (2002) reports, nowadays majority of the multinational corporations prepare an annual sustainability report in order to promote their social responsibility policies. Even though firms set different goals while initiating corporate sustainability reporting, their main focus is to enhance the firms’ international operations and to convince investors. Healy and Palepu (2001) argue that corporate disclosure is essential for the effective functioning of capital market. In total, normative theories

Media Relations in the Social Media Age Assignment

Media Relations in the Social Media Age - Assignment Example Therefore, the report intends to develop an effective plan and implement the traditional and social media engagement activity for EH-SWZ-5000 during its forthcoming UK launch. In order to successfully launch EH-SWZ-5000 in the respective business market, the development of proactive media relation opportunities would primarily focus on three major aims in line with the conventional and social media across the market. Firstly, the report devises a brief and creative outline regarding the media opportunities for the launch day of the product. The second aim of the report is to plan an effective outline through incorporating the essential elements including the core story, key messages of the product along with its target audiences and media in the respective business location. And, the third aim of the report is to create three major supporting resources for the proposed launch campaign of EH-SWZ-5000 in the UK market. With regard to the proposed plan for EH-SWZ-5000 home cinema projector during its forthcoming UK launch, the creative media opportunities would be considered in accordance with efficacy along with their capability of demonstrating the product in the respective business market. The stages to be implemented for EH-SWZ-5000 in the UK electronics market at the product launch day will focus on three major media opportunities including press conference, photocall and positioning through news release. Firstly, a press conference would be conducted through involving diverse media channels such as print, electronic and online networks. The press conference for EH-SWZ-5000 will focus on conveying essential information to the media channels and networks regarding the features, effectiveness, price and availability of products in different outlets to the media. Secondly, the photocall strategy would be organized through involving local media while inaugurating EH-SWZ-5000 in the UK

Success of Russian Multinational Corporations Essay

Success of Russian Multinational Corporations - Essay Example The organisation of the Soviet Union explains why the Russian MNCs adopted the export strategy before the establishment of subsidiaries. The other reason for Russian MNCs choice of internalisation strategy was seeking markets for their products and a gaining a good understanding of the market before committing more resources in the form of purchase of subsidiaries. Russian MNCs had to have a feel of the market in terms of profitability and market conditions through export of products, the success in these goals allowed for further investment in terms of purchase of assets and set up of subsidiaries. The need to reveal shareholder structure and ensure transparency in operations affected the ability of Russian MNCs to set up new subsidiaries early in the internalisation strategy owing to the effects of â€Å"cowboy capitalism† (Filippov, 7). However, a better understanding of the market after exports and success in the market allowed the MNCs to purchase subsidiaries. The other reason for the choice of the above-mentioned internalisation strategy was the need to exploit efficiency through seeking channels for economies of scale in production. Producing locally for a large market and supplying through exports was the initial manner in which the Russian MNCs achieved this goal. Understanding the global market and gaining access to resources in the host countries allowing for cheaper production resulted in the acquisition of assets and the subsequent set up of subsidiaries in these markets.

Work of leadership

Work of leadership LEADERSHIP INTRODUCTION Leadership is defined as a process of influencing people to accomplish the mission, inspiring their commitment, and improving the organisation ( www.mindef.gov.sg 4/12/09 ). As defined leadership is a continuous process it is a chain of influencing and achieving. Moreover leadership is basically depends on the behavior of a leader, it means the way leader handles the group it can be charismatic leadership where followers are truly depend on the leader with high vision, participative leadership where followers are allowed to take part in group discussions and they participate in the final decision, directive leadership where leader is strict with his rules and give directions, supportive leadership where leader consider followers problems and grievances or reward and punishment leadership where reward or punishment is given on the basis of final task results. ( www.legacee.com 4/12/09 ) In this assignment the main objective is to come up with my own leadership style and to show how effective it is in terms of handling change. Also the important aspect of this assignment is to show the factors which help the change to get the tag of effective change. SUPPORTIVE LEADERSHIP The leadership style I use to follow is Supportive leadership because according to me the followers are as important as task. The goals can only be achieve with the help of followers if followers are facing any problem either in their personal life or under organization roof the affect of that problem can be clearly measured from their task results. Moreover I use self made theory in my leadership which is Get addict an achieve , according to this a person can achieve any thing but the conditions is that the person must be addicted to it. If followers are facing any grievances they can not be addicted towards achievement. Supportive leader in my way does not only mean handling grievances of followers but I call myself supportive leader because I plan my tactics towards achieving a goal according to the followers ability and skills moreover according to their willingness and motivation towards work. Supportive leadership is It leads people: It doesnt drive them. It involves them: It d oesnt coerce them. It never loses sight of the most important principle governing any project involving human beings: namely, that people are more important than things, ( Kriyananda, www.crystalclarity.com 4/12/09 ). Supportive leadership is working along with followers guiding them helping them instead of working ahead of them. Human beings are most important aspect of this type of leadership. According to me this leadership can be done effectively if leaders treat followers as one who work with him rather work for him. Being the basket ball captain for two consecutive years I applied my leadership style and maintained a team. My basket ball team called Descent Killerz was one of the most conflicted team. Being the youngest in the team I learned a lot about my team members , the team was on loosing streak and the main problem of the team was conflicts between team members. The coach of the team had tried all his best efforts to improve the team and reduce the conflicts but he was failed. I was youngest in the team and new member as well, my friendly nature helped me making friendship with all of the players of my team. My understanding ability made me the favourite in the team members, ignoring my problem of unable to make dunks, the team let me play for them. Sooner I was appointed as a captain of the team only because of my supportive nature and supportive leadership behavior. I was the one who solved the conflicts of the team as every player was frank with me and use to share his problem which helped me to understand the main problem of conflicts which was a poor formation. Players were playing in a poo r formation which was disturbing them, some of the times defenders were used in attack which was uncomfortable for the players. I had a talk about this with my coach and he changed the formation according to the abilities of the players which eliminated the conflicts between the team players and I achieved a team with decency and named it Descent Killerz. My style of leadership i.e. supportive leadership was proved efficient at that time. And according to me this type of leadership behavior always come up with efficiency in achieving the goals. TYPES OF SUPPORTIVE LEADERSHIP BEHAVIORS Showing concern for followers need : A supportive leader should concern the needs of followers and then try to fulfil them for increasing the efficiency of the followers. Being considerate and understanding : Understanding the problems of followers and them try to eliminate them makes the supportive leadership in action. Showing trust and respect : As supportive leader works with followers so the main responsibility of such leader is to respect his followers and trust them. (Â   www.skagitwatershed.org 4/12/09 ) Being friendly informative, and encouraging : Supportive leader should be friendly with his followers and try to provide as information as he can to make the employees efficient and most importantly he should always encourage his followers towards achievement of goals. Being sympathetic to others problems : Supportive leaders should be sympathetic toward the problems of followers if they are not serious towards the problems of their followers they will not share their problems with the leader then. Helping followers develop abilities and careers : Supportive leaders are the one who help the followers to improve their abilities and advise them toward a good career. SITUATIONAL FACTORS THAT ENHANCES SUPPORTIVE LEADERSHIP FOLLOWERS CHARACTERISTICS : Ø Low self confidence Ø Low self esteem Ø Insecurity Ø Expectations that leader will be supportive Ø High growth need TASK CHARACTERISTICS Ø Dissatisfying Ø Stressful Ø Highly structured Ø Requires creativity Ø Requires learning ORGANIZATIONAL GROUP CHARACTERISTICS Ø External conflict Ø Newly formed group Ø Cohesive group with shared beliefs in leader Ø Formal plans, goals procedures Ø Mission emphasizing human services Ø Authoritarian superior SITUATIONAL FACTORS THAT NEUTRALIZE SUPPORTIVE LEADERSHIP Ø Dogmatic Followers Ø Large Size of Group Ø High Level Job Ø Broad Task Scope FACTORS OF MANAGING CHANGE IN AN ORGANIZATION : The factors that contribute to effectiveness of leadership in relation to managing change in an organization are as follow : Followers support : if a change is supported by the followers it makes an easy task for a leader to manage that change. For example if change is less absenteeism and followers are supporting this change by reducing their number of leaves. Followers understanding : one of the most important thing is understanding . If followers are understanding the change it becomes easy for followers to follow the change. Moreover an understandable change becomes more easy for a leader to manage. Followers trust : followers who trust their leaders will always trust any change made by their leader. As an organization is made on trust between people it is one of the most important thing. As trust-able leaders are always welcome by followers so does their changes Situation : the situational factor can help a leader to manage a change easily as the change always depends on the situation it is arrived on. For example if employees were feeling a hectic schedule and them leader come up with change in timings and breaking the schedule with certain breaks, this type of change depends on the situation. Rules : if a change comes as a rule of company it becomes too easy for a leader to manage it as it is compulsory to follow it. For example if company comes as change in rules for not allowing smoking in premises it becomes compulsory to be follow by followers without an argue. Acceptance : If change is accepted by the followers it is easy to manage it. For example if the change is in timings of lunch and followers accept it then there is no need to worry about managing that change by a leader. Expectations : if the change is according to the expectations of the employees then there is no need to manage that change. For examples staff was demanding 15 days vacations in the time of Christmas and new year and company agrees on it then their will be no need to mange such a change. Superiors support : if the change created by a leader is supported by its superior then it become less hectic for leader to manage it. But if superiors are against the change then it is difficult for leader to mange it. For example if leader says that every body should be their in office by 8.30 in the morning and its superior comes at 10 am it becomes difficult for him to handle. Feedback : the most important aspect of managing is feedback as it comes as a report card to the manager for his performance and if the result is not good it indicates that there is need for better management. CONCLUSION In conclusion it can be said that how effective is the supportive leadership is. Supportive leadership not only help followers to work efficiently but it also provides bundles of knowledge to the leader as supportive leadership behavior helps leader to interact with each and every of his follower. Supportive leadership can be used mostly but it can be non-effective where the number of followers are many, as a leader can not create personal relations with huge number of followers. In the assignment I shared my own personal experience with this type of leadership and for me this leadership behavior was a huge success.

Araby by James Joyce Essay -- Araby Essays

â€Å"Araby† by James Joyce   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There seems to be a great deal of controversy surrounding the short story, â€Å"Araby† by James Joyce. This isn’t controversy dealing with various political issues or controversy involving issues of free speech or anything related to these things. It is of a more simple matter: whether the young boy in this story is capable of having a deep emotional realization at the conclusion of the story. It is obvious to me via the final sentence, (Araby, 398), that he does not make a startling realization, rather, the narrator, as the boy many years later, looks back on how foolish he was.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During most of the story, the boy comes off as extremely immature. So much so that it would be difficult for such a person to appreciate true love and/or have an emotional breakthrough. The first example of his immaturity that struck me was when he would watch Managan’s sister. He would go so far as to peer between the blind and windowsill to catch a glimpse of his crush. When he caught sight of her, he would bolt outside to follow her. This seems to be very immature activity, which would be fitting for a boy his age. He is self-absorbed (Crane, 398). He doesn’t even seem to know his crushes name. To be in love with someone you hardly know, to me, is very irrational and juvenile.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For one to make even a remotely sound opinion on this subject, one must examine the point of view of the narrator. The story is narrated by a mature man reflection upon his adolescence...